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Normalization of the solutions

Because the tex2html_wrap_inline1509 are pure states with respect to momentum, we expect to find find complete uncertainty in position. Indeed, the probability distribution associated with these functions is constant in space,

  equation136

Strictly speaking, in an infinite space, these functions are not normalizable,

displaymath1511

However, this form of unnormalizability is much milder than that of the exponentially growing wave functions and is manageable. We may imagine placing our experiment in an extremely large box of size L. For sufficiently large L (several billion light years, for instance), we do not expect such a box to affect the small scale physics we study in quantum mechanics. And, as long as L is finite, the states tex2html_wrap_inline1509 will be normalizable. We thus accept our plane wave solutions tex2html_wrap_inline1509 as physical, realizing that they are an idealization in much the same way as is the idea of a an infinite straight line.

Although we cannot insist on the normalization condition tex2html_wrap_inline1523 , it is still useful at times to have a normalization convention for such states. We will discuss such a convention when we turn to our general discussion of scattering in 3.



Prof. Tomas Alberto Arias
Thu May 29 15:19:37 EDT 1997