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Extracting the rules

 

Let us now see how the expressions (17) which we determined for the transmission and reflection amplitudes fit within the Feynman formulation. We first focus on the amplitude for transmission T(k). Figure 12 shows the generation of two of the terms which contribute to the sum which gives the final transmission amplitude. According to Postulate (2) of the Feynman formulation, each of these terms corresponds to an individual history leading to transmission across the barrier.

   figure443
Figure 13: List of Histories Leading to a Transmission Event

From the form of the amplitude associated with the first term, tex2html_wrap_inline1891 , we know from Postulate (3) that three fundamental processes make up the first history. These processes (and associated quantum amplitudes) are 1) transmission across the first step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1795 ), propagation across the barrier (p), 3) transmission across the second step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1743 ). This sequence of fundamental processes is clearly one possible history which we associate with the final transmission of a particle across the barrier. Figure 13.1 shows a short-hand for representing this sequence of fundamental events. We now connect the arrows from Figure 13 and place the factor associated with each fundamental process on the diagram near where the corresponding process occurs. The amplitude associated with the Feynman diagram for this first history is simply the product of all factors written near it, where the values of these and the factors used below are given by (11,14,15,16).

The next term contributing to the transmission amplitude from Figure 12 is tex2html_wrap_inline1899 . This term was generated as we satisfied boundary conditions in the sequence of events which Figure 13.2 illustrates: transmission through the first step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1795 ), propagation across the barrier (p), reflection from the second step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1793 ), propagation back across the barrier (p), reflection from the first step as approached from the right ( tex2html_wrap_inline1737 ), propagation across the barrier (p) and transmission across the second step tex2html_wrap_inline1743 . This again is another history which we associate with transmission across the barrier as we generate reflections and transmissions at all points for which there is a change in the potential and therefore the possibilities of a reflection. We also include factors for the processes of crossing the regions in between these scattering points. Clearly, as we continue to patch up unbalanced boundary conditions we may generate an arbitrary number of reflections back and forth within the barrier before the final transmission process occurs. The third order term in the sequence is also indicated in Figure 13.

The same logic applies for the terms leading to reflection. The Feynman diagrams for reflection from the barrier are shown in Figure 14. The first history, Figure 14.1, is just reflection from the first step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1793 ) and corresponds to the first term contributing to the b(x) wave function in Figure 12. The next history involves transmission through the first step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1795 ), propagation across the barrier (p), reflection from the second step ( tex2html_wrap_inline1741 ), propagation back across the barrier (p), and transmission through the first step approaching now from the right ( tex2html_wrap_inline1739 ). Successively higher terms then involve more ricochets within the barrier before the final transmission back into Region (s). Figure 14 also gives the digram for the third term.

   figure466
Figure 14: List of Histories Leading to a Reflection Event


next up previous contents
Next: General rules for all Up: Construction of Feynman Rules Previous: Application of Diagrams to

Prof. Tomas Alberto Arias
Thu May 29 15:16:11 EDT 1997